High speed chip
 
The high speed chip model (including 8 layers) was provided by IBM. The chip dimensions are 15000 um x 15325 um x 772 um. The width and thickness of signal line are 25 um and 8 um, respectively. We can get excellent results using the cell sizes, Dx=12.5um and Dz=8um. No other time domain solver can simulate it. However, it is not a big problem for GEMS, since GEMS allows us to bring the absorbing boundary one or two cells from the chip structure.

IBM Chip

 
Signal line patterns inside chip

Partial features inside chip

 
Reflection and transmission coefficients

Two ground patterns inside chip

 
Voltages measured at the input
and output ports
Currents measured at the input
and output ports